在英语中，还有很多其他词类构成的名词，如形容词、动词的-ing形式和-ed形式、基数词、序数词、表示抽象意义的动作名词等。

1.名词化的特征

所谓名词化指的是其他非名词类的词转化为名词的情况。名词化的名词有其自己的特征，主要表现在以下四个方面:

(1)泛指一类人或事物

the rich 富人

the wounded伤员

(2)表示抽象的概念

feeling情感

thinking思想、思维

(3)表示动作

have a swim去游泳

make a study学习、研究

(4)表示特殊含义

a somebody重要的人物

a something重要的东西

2.各种形式的名词化

英语中名词化的形式主要有如下几种:

(1)the 形容词

“the 形容词”常表示一类人或一类事。这样的名词作主语时谓语动词应用复数形式。常见的有:

the new新生事物

the old陈旧的事物、老年人

the rich富人

the poor穷人

the blind盲人

the deaf聋哑人

the dead死的人

(2)the 动词的-ed形式

the wounded伤员

the unknown未知之人或事

the aged老年人

the beloved心爱的人

the killed被杀害的人

the learned有学问的人

(3)动词的-ing形式

the dying奄奄一息的人

feeling情感

suffering苦难

thinking思维

(4)基数词

in one’s fifties在某人五十几岁时

in threes and fours三三两两的

at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟，不和

(5)序数词

come out first获得第一名

from the first从第一个开始

need a third in the game三缺一

(6)具有动作意义的名词

have a look看一看

have a break休息一下

make a choice作出选择

make a decision作出决定

have a swim去游泳

take a sleep睡一觉

have a go试一试

(7)个别不定代词

Jim is real** a somebody.

吉姆真了不起。

The grand building is real** a something.

这辉煌的大楼真是了不起。

(8)副词用作名词

It is dangerous in here.Keep off.

这里危险，请走开。

I don’t want you to go between yes and no.

我不想让你在是和非之间举棋不定。

点击考点

1.Lucy tried her best to find a good job in the city，but she had no______.

A.trouble

B.idea

C.luck

D.time

2.What’s your______for being late again?

A.idea

B.key

C.excuse

D.news

3.—I feel tired.I have so much work to do and don’t have much time for myself.

—You should take______，I think.

A.health

B.exercise

C.lesson

D.time

4.There are______on the table.

A.a glass of water

B.a glass of milk

C.two glasses of water

D.a glass of orange

5.—They are thirsty.Will you please give them______?

—Certain**.

A.some bottles of waters

B.some bottles of water

C.some bottle of water

D.some bottle of waters

6.Ask the naughty boys not to make any______.I can’t fall asleep.

A.voice

B.sound

C.noise

D.singing

7.—Help yourself to______.

—Thanks.Mmm…it tastes good.

A.some chickens

B.a chicken

C.some chicken

D.any chicken

8.Twelve______were hurt，but no______were lost in that accident.

A.person;life

B.people;lives

C.peoples;lives

D.persons;life

　9.The______are going to f** to Beijing.

A.German

B.Germany

C.Germanys

D.Germans

10.There’s ______left for the new furniture.

A.no rooms

B.not much room

C.no places

D.not much place

11.—Please help me move the table in.

—But there is not enough______for it.

A.place

B.floor

C.room

D.ground

12.—______can you see on the plate?

—Three pieces of bread.

A.How many bread

B.How many breads

C.How much bread

D.How much breads

13.—Where’s Tom?

—He’s left a______saying that he has something important to do.

A.excuse

B.sentence

C.news

D.message

14.______turn green in spring.

A.Leaf

B.Leafs

C.Leave

D.Leaves

15.Father went to his doctor for______about his heart trouble.

A.an advice

B.advice

C.advices

D.the advices

16.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into______.

A.fact

B.reality

C.practice

D.deed

17.We’ve missed the last bus.I’m afraid we have no______but to take a taxi.

A.way

B.choice

C.possibility

D.selection

18.He dropped the______and broke it.

A.cup of coffee

B.coffee’s cup

C.cup for coffee

D.coffee cup

19.Here’s my card.Let’s keep in______.

A.touch

B.relation

C.connection

D.friendship

20.He gained his______by printing______of famous writers.

A.wealth;work

B.wealths;works

C.wealths;work

D.wealth;works

21.I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible.Just have a little ______.

A.wait

B.time

C.patience

D.rest

22.If by any chance someone comes to see me，ask them to leave a ______.

A.message

B.letter

C.sentence

D.notice

23.You’ll find this map of great______in helping you to get round London.

A.price

B.cost

C.value

D.usefulness

24.It won’t make much_______whether you agree or not.

A.trouble

B.difference

C.troubles

D.differences

25.I’m sorry my computer has been out of_______for a few days.I have got to use my pen for a little while.

A.place

B.order

C.touch

D.date

26.He left_______with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep_______.

A.words;his words

B.word;his word

C.word;word

D.the word;his word

27.These football players had no strict______until they joined our club.

A.practice

B.education

C.exercise

D.training

28.Students sometimes support themselves by______of evening jobs.

A.way

B.choice

C.means

D.help

29.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of______.

A.energy

B.source

C.power

D.material

30.Parents always let their children have their own______of living，which can sure** suit both the parents and children.

A.way

B.method

C.manner

D.fashion

**:

1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.D 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.D 21.C 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.B 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.A

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